Let's go back in time to the mid-1980s when the US Department of Defense (DoD) was faced with huge cost and schedule overruns on its large, software-intensive programs. The Internet had not yet materialized, and the software industry was beset with a steady stream of "silver bullets" (e.g., structured programming, reuse, rapid prototyping, total quality management, reengineering) designed to solve the industry's increasing problems with software development (missed schedules, cost overruns, poor quality).