Michael Jastram outlines the four trends driving product complexity and explains how AI has the potential to help us overcome the limitations of current develop­ment approaches. Both systems engineering and Agile struggle to keep up with today’s exponential growth in complexity. Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) was built to address complexity but requires a large up-front investment and frequently meets with cultural resistance. Jastram advocates for AI-based solutions that offer some of the benefits of MBSE without the need for long, expensive training processes. Regardless of the exact path, he’s excited for the coming years, saying ready-to-use solutions like IBM’s Watson barely scratch the surface of what’s possible.